Deficiency of protein. In a small percentage of patients, emphysema is the result of a genetic defe

Emphysema is a progressive lung disease that causes impaired respiration and reduced exercise capacity. The main manifestations of emphysema is shortness of breath and reduced exercise capacity, both worsened as the disease progresses. Over time, symptoms become so severe that breathing is difficult even at rest, and pulmonary infections aggravates the patient's condition.
Smoking. insemination The most common cause of emphysema is smoking. Cigarette smoke destroys the cilia in the respiratory mucosa of the respiratory tree. They are designed to clear the airways and prevent penetration into the alveoli of the substances in the air, germs, irritants, etc. microscopic pollutants. In the absence of cilia healthy airway irritants remain a part enter the alveoli generating inflammation and ultimately destruction insemination of elastic tissue in the walls of air sacs and bronchioles.
Deficiency of protein. In a small percentage of patients, emphysema is the result of a genetic defect that does not produce enough of the protein called alpha 1-antitrypsin. It helps protect the elastic tissue of the lungs by the action of enzymes. Alpha 1 antitrypsin insemination deficiency leads to progressive lung tissue distrigerea and finally the appearance of emphysema.
There are a number of factors that favor the occurrence of emphysema. Age. Although specific Pulmonary emphysema is progressive, most people with emphysema smoking product insemination began to accuse the symptoms of the disease between 50 and 60 years. Passive exposure to cigarette smoke. Both active smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke increases the risk of emphysema; Occupational exposure to various chemicals. The smoke produced by burning chemicals but inhaling dust from wood, cotton etc, increases the risk of emphysema. Heredity. Alpha 1 antitrypsin insemination deficiency is inherited cause of emphysema, especially before age 50, even if a person is smoking. HIV infection. Smokers with HIV have additional risk to emphysema than those uninfected. CTD. Some diseases affecting the connective insemination tissue associated with emphysema.
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